Friday, October 14, 2011

A Little about Mexican history

Mexico City is the capital of the United Mexican States, and is accessible through great cheap plane tickets. The population exceeds 8.84 million, while the metropolitan area houses about 22 million inhabitants, making it the third largest urban structure in the world. It is situated in the valley of Mexico, at 2240m altitude. Mexico City is the political, economic, financial and cultural center of the country and the seat of state government. It has the 25th largest economy in the world and occupies 11th place among the richest cities the planet.

The city exhibits mixed features of three eras: the magnificent ancient Aztec pyramids on the outskirts of town, the Spanish Catholic churches, with their characteristic raw grandeur and gleaming modern glass skyscrapers.

The town was established on the ruins of Tenochtitlan, built by the Aztecs in 1325, the Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes heard about the city and its treasures in Veracruz and decided to visit. When Cortes and accompanying soldiers first saw Tenochtitlan on November 8, 1519 they were struck by its beauty and size. Spaniards put under house arrested the leader Montezuma and established control over the city. Tensions in the relationship increased. Aztecs rebelled against the Spaniards and drove them out. Gradually, Spanish soldiers took back the city - street after street, house after house. In August 1521 Tenochtitlan was conquered by the Spanish, on the ruins was built a new town- México Tenustitlán. Since 1585, it is officially known as Mexico City and became the administrative and financial center of much of the Spanish colonial empire. You too can see this bit of history, with the low fares on offer.

Initial impressions of Mexico are always associated with historical and spiritual center of the city - a huge square SoCal, known as the "Square of the Constitution", above which proudly waves the Mexican flag and stands the city cathedral, great reason to use the cheap plane fares on offer. Here is the National Palace - residence of the President. On the facade of the building is a balcony, from which President addresses the nation on the Independence Day of Mexico. The central door leads into the main courtyard, surrounded by arches and a baroque staircase with magnificent frescoes of the famous Mexican painter Diego Rivera. The impressive size of 450 square meters with the unique power of Rivera depicts the history of Mexico from 1521 to 1930, painted between 1929 and 1935. This establishes Mexican identity. On the floors of the palace are more murals by Rivera and other famous Mexican artists, among them is Frida Kahlo. The palace houses federal finances, the National Archives and one of the richest national libraries. Another landmark building is the City Square Cathedral de la Asuncion de Maria, the largest and oldest Catholic cathedral in America, built from 1573 to 1813 in place of the first Spanish church in the city. The architecture of the cathedral was inspired by the Gothic churches of Spain. It has two towers with 25 bells. A few steps from the church can be seen the ruins of ancient Aztec temple Templo Mayorna- a must see when on Mexico cheap flights, discovered accidentally in 1978 in the laying of underground electric cables.